The general classification of chemicals is as follows: explosive, oxidizing, flammable, toxic, corrosive, radioactive, carcinogenic, mutagenic, irritant, asphyxiating.
This classification is extensively studied in other topics on Safety and Hygiene, as well as the corresponding regulations (Regulation on Notification of New Substances and Classification, Packaging and Labeling of Hazardous Substances. Royal Decree 363/1995, of March 10, 1995, regulating the Notification of New Substances and Classification, Packaging and Labeling of Hazardous Substances. BOE 133, June 5, 1995).
CORROSIVES
These are products that produce a destructive action when in contact with the skin.
They also destroy metals and derivatives. They are very aggressive. Included are strong acids and bases, oxidizers, etc.:
- Acetic acid (CH3COOH). Colorless, pungent odor. Its melting point is 16.6ºC and in winter it is sometimes frozen. It is relatively flammable and toxic.
- Hydrochloric acid (HCl). Colorless with suffocating odor. It should be stored in a topaz-colored flask, since light decomposes it into NO2, which colors the solution yellow.
- Sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Colorless and odorless, oily and corrosive.
- Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH). Pungent, pungent and lachrymatory odor, gives off ammonia vapors.
- Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Colorless and harsh odor, strong oxidant.
FLAMMABLE SOLVENTS
- Acetone (CH3COCH3). Colorless with a mild, pleasant odor, volatile, flammable. Often used together with water to wash laboratory containers (ink).
- Ethanol, chloroform, toluene, ethyl ether, tetrachloride.